Convex cones

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Nonorthogonal projection on extreme directons of convex cone

pseudo coordinates

Let LaTeX: \mathcal{K} be a full-dimensional closed pointed convex cone in finite-dimensional Euclidean space LaTeX: \mathbb{R}^n.

For any vector LaTeX: \,v\, and a point LaTeX: \,x\!\in\!\mathcal{K}, define LaTeX: \,d_v(x)\, to be the largest number LaTeX: \,t^\star such that LaTeX: \,x-t^{}v\!\in\!\mathcal{K}\,.

Suppose LaTeX: \,x\, and LaTeX: \,y\, are points in LaTeX: \,\mathcal{K}\,.

Further, suppose that LaTeX: \,d_v(x)\!=_{\!}d_v(y)\, for every extreme direction LaTeX: \,v\, of LaTeX: \,\mathcal{K}\,.

Then LaTeX: \,x\, must be equal to LaTeX: \,y\,.

proof

LaTeX: \,d_v(x)\, is the optimal objective value of a (primal) conic program:

LaTeX: \,\begin{array}{cl}\mathrm{maximize}_t&t\\ \mathrm{subject~to}&x-t^{}v\in\mathcal{K}\end{array}

Because the dual geometry of this problem is easier to visualize, we instead interpret the dual conic program:

LaTeX: \,\begin{array}{cl}\mathrm{minimize}_\lambda&\lambda^{\rm T}x\\ \mathrm{subject~to}&\lambda\in\mathcal{K}^*\\ &\lambda^{\rm T}v=1\end{array}

where LaTeX: \,\mathcal{K}^*\, is the dual cone, which is full-dimensional, closed, pointed, and convex because LaTeX: \,\mathcal{K}\, is.

The primal optimal objective value equals the dual optimal value under the sufficient Slater condition, which is well known;

i.e., we assume

LaTeX: \,t^\star=\,\lambda^{\star\rm T}x\,

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